Iranian Journal of Trade Studies

Iranian Journal of Trade Studies

GS1 standards influence model on Iran’s transportation and logistics and its analysis with fuzzy Delphi and TOPSIS method

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
ali abbasi raei 1
elnaz miandoabchi 2
1 Department of Industrial Engineering, Imam Ali University
2 Associate Professor, Institute of Business Studies and Research
10.22034/ijts.2026.2084994.4242
Abstract
Logistics encompasses a wide range of activities, among which transportation is one of the most critical. Effective planning and efficient management of logistics activities can significantly reduce an organization’s operational costs. Consequently, improving logistics processes has become a key strategy adopted by successful organizations in recent decades to reduce costs across supply chains and inter-organizational operations. One of the leading organizations in the field of business process and logistics improvement is GS1, a global organization operating under the slogan “The Global Language of Business.” GS1 develops and promotes international standards for the identification and coding of products, assets, and logistics units, including standards specifically designed for transportation and logistics.
The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate a model of the impact of GS1 standards on Iran’s transportation and logistics sector. The research employs the Fuzzy Delphi method to validate the proposed model and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to prioritize the effects of GS1 standards on transportation and logistics business processes. The findings indicate that among the five business processes examined—asset management, warehouse management, receiving and delivery management, transportation management, and port and customs management—the implementation of GS1 standards has the greatest positive impact on the receiving and delivery management process.
Keywords
: GS1 standards
transportation
logistics
fuzzy Delphi method
TOPSIS method
Subjects
-     
-          Blonk, E. (2018). Digital Transformation of Technical Industries: Discover the Promise of GS1 in Technical Industries. GS1 Global Office, Technical Industries Session, Dublin, September 11.
-          Core Business Vocabulary Standard: Specifies the Structure of Vocabularies and Specific Values for the Vocabulary Elements to Be Utilised in Conjunction with the GS1 EPCIS Standard. Release 1.2.2. Ratified, October 2017.
-          Doodanghe, M., & Hamidi, A. (2012). Logistics and Its Functions. Center for Logistics Studies and Research. [In Persian].
-          Fattahi, P., et al. (2015). Strategic Studies Project Report of the National Center for Goods and Services Numbering of Iran. Institute for Business Studies and Research. [In Persian].
-          Global User Manual. Release 18.0. Approved, 21 April 2022.
-          GS1 General Specifications. Release 19. Ratified, January 2023.
-          GS1 Global. (2023). GS1 System Architecture. Release 8.0.
-          GS1 Global & VDC Research. (2025). Advancing Logistics Operations through Intelligent Data Capture. GS1 US & VDC Research Report.
-          GS1 Identification Keys in Transport & Logistics. Issue 1. June 2021.
-          GS1 International website. www.GS1.org. [In Persian].
-          GS1 Iran Reference Website, National Center for Goods and Services Numbering of Iran. http://gs1ir.net. [In Persian].
-          GS1 US & VDC Research. (2025). Advancing Logistics Operations through Intelligent Data Capture.
-          Habibi, A., & Izadyar, S. (2014). Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Making Book. Pars Modir Publications. [In Persian].
-          How GS1 Standards Fit Together: GS1 System Architecture Document. Release 8.0. Approved, February 2023.
-          Keogh, J. G., Rejeb, A., Khan, N., Dean, K., & Hand, K. J. (2021). Optimizing Global Food Supply Chains: The Case for Blockchain and GS1 Standards. Journal of Business Logistics, 42(1), 78-95. DOI: 10.1111/jbl.12260
-          Ketokivi, M., & Mahoney, J. T. (2024). Transaction Cost Economics as a Theory of Supply Chain Efficiency. Production and Operations Management. DOI: 10.1111/poms.13148
-          Kolinska, K., Domański, R., & Fojutowski, S. (2022). Supply chain digitization using GS1 standards: Research results. European Research Studies Journal, 25(2B), 326-335. https://doi.org/10.35808/ersj/2965
-          Kolinska, K., Domański, R., & Fojutowski, S. (2022). Supply Chain Digitization Using GS1 Standards - Research Results. European Research Studies Journal, 25(2B), 326-335. https://doi.org/10.35808/ersj/XXV_2B_22. DOI: 10.35808/ersj/XXV_2B_22
-          Maleki, A., & Abbasi-Rai, A. (2019). Introduction to the GS1 Global Organization and Its Standards. National Center for Goods and Services Numbering of Iran. [In Persian].
-          Özkanlısoy, Ö. (2023). Measuring Supply Chain Performance as SCOR v13.0-Based in Disruptive Technology Era. Logistics, 7(4), 72. DOI: logistics7040072
-          Pfeffer, J., & Salancik, G. R. (2023). The External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective.
-          Soleimani-Sadehi, M., & Miandoabji, E. (2018). Commercial Logistics. Business Printing and Publishing Company. [In Persian].
 
 
 

  • Receive Date 10 February 2026
  • Revise Date 22 June 2026
  • Accept Date 01 July 2026