Institute for Trade Studies and ResearchIranian Journal of Trade Studies1735-0794135220090701ELECTRONIC COMMERCE / ELECTRONIC BUSINESS / HINDRANCES /
MASTER PLANS / IRANIAN HAND-WOVEN CARPETELECTRONIC COMMERCE / ELECTRONIC BUSINESS / HINDRANCES /
MASTER PLANS / IRANIAN HAND-WOVEN CARPET13413779FAAhmadJafarnejadAliSajadipanahSeyed RahimSafaviMehdiAjaliJournal Article20150722Some quandaries in marketing and proffering after-sale services to the customers in the global marts have brought about numbers of predicaments for the Iranian hand-woven carpet industry practitioners. Although Iranian carpet is an original product, we have witnessed a downfall in the Iranian hand-woven carpet industrial manufacturing and export during the past years. Hence our status is beneath those of outlandish entities. Some exertions have been made in this article to probe dissimilar electronic commerce blueprints and the pertinent perusals to avail electronic-based applications in order to offer a template in the Iranian hand-woven carpet export field. Questionnaires have been used while taking account of the 5-point Likert spectrum and 3 symbolizing the index of the proposed factors of the blueprint to pinpoint the electronic commerce impediments of the Iranian hand-woven carpet to pave the way for submission of master plans to the Iranian hand-woven carpet exporters to ameliorate the status of this priceless commodity globally to make it achieve its lost status. The electronic commerce impediments in the Iranian hand-woven carpet export have been offered in prioriti zed manner as follows:1.thepredicaments of the data infrastructure 2.quandaries of the legal, warranted and security matters 3. The behavioral, cultural, educational and human-prone infrastructure plights 4. Problems of excise, trade and customs office infrastructure 5. Internet complications 6. Orismological and hardware difficulties 7. Fiscal and software dilemmas.Some quandaries in marketing and proffering after-sale services to the customers in the global marts have brought about numbers of predicaments for the Iranian hand-woven carpet industry practitioners. Although Iranian carpet is an original product, we have witnessed a downfall in the Iranian hand-woven carpet industrial manufacturing and export during the past years. Hence our status is beneath those of outlandish entities. Some exertions have been made in this article to probe dissimilar electronic commerce blueprints and the pertinent perusals to avail electronic-based applications in order to offer a template in the Iranian hand-woven carpet export field. Questionnaires have been used while taking account of the 5-point Likert spectrum and 3 symbolizing the index of the proposed factors of the blueprint to pinpoint the electronic commerce impediments of the Iranian hand-woven carpet to pave the way for submission of master plans to the Iranian hand-woven carpet exporters to ameliorate the status of this priceless commodity globally to make it achieve its lost status. The electronic commerce impediments in the Iranian hand-woven carpet export have been offered in prioriti zed manner as follows:1.thepredicaments of the data infrastructure 2.quandaries of the legal, warranted and security matters 3. The behavioral, cultural, educational and human-prone infrastructure plights 4. Problems of excise, trade and customs office infrastructure 5. Internet complications 6. Orismological and hardware difficulties 7. Fiscal and software dilemmas.https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_13779_5499e63224605f2eb13406af0af5b76d.pdfInstitute for Trade Studies and ResearchIranian Journal of Trade Studies1735-0794135220090701The Impact of Brain Drain on Economic Growth
(A case study of Iran)The Impact of Brain Drain on Economic Growth
(A case study of Iran)356313780FAAbolfazlShahabadiRoghayehPouranJournal Article20150722We focus on the impact of brain drain on economic growth of Iran in during 1338- 1385. We use the U. S statistical yearbooks of the immigration. Theorical and empirical literature show that human capital has an important effect on economic growth, and the brain drain as a shortcoming effect on human capital formation, has inverse effect on economic growth. The empirical results indicate that brain drain has non-linear effect on economic growth of Iran (multiplication of dummy variable of Islamic Revolution and brain drain, and this effect is negative and highly significant. Labor force and moreover domestic and foreign R&D capital stocks and human capital that are important means in knowledge economy, have positive and direct effect in production function of Iran, except the foreign R&D capital stock that is not significant in production function of Iran, others are significantWe focus on the impact of brain drain on economic growth of Iran in during 1338- 1385. We use the U. S statistical yearbooks of the immigration. Theorical and empirical literature show that human capital has an important effect on economic growth, and the brain drain as a shortcoming effect on human capital formation, has inverse effect on economic growth. The empirical results indicate that brain drain has non-linear effect on economic growth of Iran (multiplication of dummy variable of Islamic Revolution and brain drain, and this effect is negative and highly significant. Labor force and moreover domestic and foreign R&D capital stocks and human capital that are important means in knowledge economy, have positive and direct effect in production function of Iran, except the foreign R&D capital stock that is not significant in production function of Iran, others are significanthttps://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_13780_d7323519970d0e3680ef5fa1edfe0e56.pdfInstitute for Trade Studies and ResearchIranian Journal of Trade Studies1735-0794135220090701The Effect of Exchange Rate Fluctuations on the Value Added of
Industrial Sector by Use of Purching Power Parity
(Crumm IndexThe Effect of Exchange Rate Fluctuations on the Value Added of
Industrial Sector by Use of Purching Power Parity
(Crumm Index659513781FAHamidrezaIzadiMaryamIzadiJournal Article20150722Fluctuation of exchange rate and its deviation from equilibrium path are one of the most important macroeconomic variables that is affected by different side of economic sectors. Whereas, the Exchange rate fluctuation and its deviation from equilibrium path haven’t the same and similar effects on all of the economic sectors, and considering eminent importance of industrial development on the development of the country; This paper examines and evaluates the exchange rate fluctuation and its deviation from equilibrium path on value added of industrial sectors. So first we calculate deviation of real exchange rate from long run equilibrium path by use of purching power parity (Crumm index) Then, in order to calculate short run exchange rate flactuation, In order to avoid non stationery of some of the variables used in these models, and other problems, we have used a new econometric method; integrated auto regressive distribution lag (ARDL); and then considered the effects of exchange rate fluctuations and its deviation from equilibrium path on value added of industrial sectors by use of model. This paper shows that fundamental hypothesis; posteriori reverse relationship between real exchange rate deviation of equilibrium path and value added of industrial sectors; confirmed in model. Besides every equation, present the reverse relationship between short run exchange rate fluctuation and value added of industrial sectors.Fluctuation of exchange rate and its deviation from equilibrium path are one of the most important macroeconomic variables that is affected by different side of economic sectors. Whereas, the Exchange rate fluctuation and its deviation from equilibrium path haven’t the same and similar effects on all of the economic sectors, and considering eminent importance of industrial development on the development of the country; This paper examines and evaluates the exchange rate fluctuation and its deviation from equilibrium path on value added of industrial sectors. So first we calculate deviation of real exchange rate from long run equilibrium path by use of purching power parity (Crumm index) Then, in order to calculate short run exchange rate flactuation, In order to avoid non stationery of some of the variables used in these models, and other problems, we have used a new econometric method; integrated auto regressive distribution lag (ARDL); and then considered the effects of exchange rate fluctuations and its deviation from equilibrium path on value added of industrial sectors by use of model. This paper shows that fundamental hypothesis; posteriori reverse relationship between real exchange rate deviation of equilibrium path and value added of industrial sectors; confirmed in model. Besides every equation, present the reverse relationship between short run exchange rate fluctuation and value added of industrial sectors.https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_13781_64fbe576c6c8797d5b351dcbcd1e93be.pdfInstitute for Trade Studies and ResearchIranian Journal of Trade Studies1735-0794135220090701Supply Chain Critical Path Excellence: An Innovative Approach
toward Total Supply Chain Management
(Case study: Shahrvand chain store’s supply chain)Supply Chain Critical Path Excellence: An Innovative Approach
toward Total Supply Chain Management
(Case study: Shahrvand chain store’s supply chain)9712413782FAEzatolahAsgharizadehAhmadrezaGhasemiJournal Article20150722In resent years, distribution system of goods and services specifically in domestic chain stores lack efficiency and effectiveness according to a developing economy and urban life. One of the best strategies to improve the chain store’s performance is supply chain management (SCM). So this study tries to extend previous SCM approach by presenting a new framework. Relevant researches in this field; emphasized that new dimensions such as supply chain institualization and integration, leadership, culture of competitiveness and knowledge acquisition besides of conventional aspect(such as processes, financial, etc)have positive impact in supply chain performance. In other words this framework contain following steps. First we develop the new approach to calculate the weights of criterion of the SCM excellence model, then, we evaluate the casual relationship between these criterion. Finally we synthesize above mentioned steps to achieve Supply Chain Critical Path Excellence (SCCPEIn resent years, distribution system of goods and services specifically in domestic chain stores lack efficiency and effectiveness according to a developing economy and urban life. One of the best strategies to improve the chain store’s performance is supply chain management (SCM). So this study tries to extend previous SCM approach by presenting a new framework. Relevant researches in this field; emphasized that new dimensions such as supply chain institualization and integration, leadership, culture of competitiveness and knowledge acquisition besides of conventional aspect(such as processes, financial, etc)have positive impact in supply chain performance. In other words this framework contain following steps. First we develop the new approach to calculate the weights of criterion of the SCM excellence model, then, we evaluate the casual relationship between these criterion. Finally we synthesize above mentioned steps to achieve Supply Chain Critical Path Excellence (SCCPEhttps://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_13782_5655cf23be4dda7082c8bb3a8d8f8016.pdfInstitute for Trade Studies and ResearchIranian Journal of Trade Studies1735-0794135220090701The Investigation of the Effect of OIC Integration on Economic
Growth of Selected MembersThe Investigation of the Effect of OIC Integration on Economic
Growth of Selected Members12516213783FAAbolghasemMahdaviHoraMajdrezaeiJournal Article20150722Since long trade has been considered as an engine of growth and development , thus playing a significant role in economic activities. In recent years ,after the introduction of "globalization" and elimination of economic and political boundaries, governments have increasingly focused on economic, political and even cultural integrations in order to enter the global markets and benefit from free trade. Many researchers have investigated the effects of integrations on macroeconomic variables such as economic growth of their members and have reached various conclusions by investigating different types of integrations (e.g. North-North agreement , South-South agreement and North-South agreement ). In this study we have investigated the effect of Organization of Islamic Conference as a South - South cooperation on economic growth of its member countries. we have used Badinger’s model to investigate the effect of economic relations on the growth of eight selected countries (Iran, Indonesia, Malaysia, Turkey, Pakistan, Egypt, Saudi Arab and Kuwait) for the period of 1994- 2004. The result indicates that although Organization of Islamic Conference is a cultural integration, commercial relations of these eight prominent countries of the organization have meaningful positive effect on their growth though this influence is not significant. One possible explanation could be the fact that these countries have not yet taken the necessary influential steps towards economic integration.Since long trade has been considered as an engine of growth and development , thus playing a significant role in economic activities. In recent years ,after the introduction of "globalization" and elimination of economic and political boundaries, governments have increasingly focused on economic, political and even cultural integrations in order to enter the global markets and benefit from free trade. Many researchers have investigated the effects of integrations on macroeconomic variables such as economic growth of their members and have reached various conclusions by investigating different types of integrations (e.g. North-North agreement , South-South agreement and North-South agreement ). In this study we have investigated the effect of Organization of Islamic Conference as a South - South cooperation on economic growth of its member countries. we have used Badinger’s model to investigate the effect of economic relations on the growth of eight selected countries (Iran, Indonesia, Malaysia, Turkey, Pakistan, Egypt, Saudi Arab and Kuwait) for the period of 1994- 2004. The result indicates that although Organization of Islamic Conference is a cultural integration, commercial relations of these eight prominent countries of the organization have meaningful positive effect on their growth though this influence is not significant. One possible explanation could be the fact that these countries have not yet taken the necessary influential steps towards economic integration.https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_13783_58ab5c05ec8dfa3e35a22dfe717da10e.pdfInstitute for Trade Studies and ResearchIranian Journal of Trade Studies1735-0794135220090701Simulation of the Impact of E-global Supply Chain Including
Customs, to Enhance the Level of Customers Satisfaction of
Electronic Products by Means of RosettanetSimulation of the Impact of E-global Supply Chain Including
Customs, to Enhance the Level of Customers Satisfaction of
Electronic Products by Means of Rosettanet16318513784FAIsaNakhaeiAbdorezaSaeiJournal Article20150722In this study, the impact of e-global supply chain, including shipper, customs, distributor and retailer on customer satisfaction level is investigated which consists of level of inventory, level of service and bullwhip effect. In this global supply chain, customs is assumed as a bottleneck which causes delay in lead- time of goods from the shipper to the distributor. E-customs could be investigated in different aspects such as e-manifesting and…. Due to some limitations mentioned in paper text, information sharing aspect of e–customs is considered in this research. Meaning that goods receiver, is able to be aware of stages of clearance online, and so knowing the time of goods clearance, this issue is a critical factor in simulation and inventory control in global supply chain. To reach this aim, at first the Rosettanet is introduced as a new model in the scope of e-commercial process in supply chain. Furthermore, to evaluate the influence of e-global supply chain by means of Rosettanet, the simulation technique by using the AWESIM software is applied. The results of simulation show that e-global supply chain highly enhances the level of customer satisfaction.In this study, the impact of e-global supply chain, including shipper, customs, distributor and retailer on customer satisfaction level is investigated which consists of level of inventory, level of service and bullwhip effect. In this global supply chain, customs is assumed as a bottleneck which causes delay in lead- time of goods from the shipper to the distributor. E-customs could be investigated in different aspects such as e-manifesting and…. Due to some limitations mentioned in paper text, information sharing aspect of e–customs is considered in this research. Meaning that goods receiver, is able to be aware of stages of clearance online, and so knowing the time of goods clearance, this issue is a critical factor in simulation and inventory control in global supply chain. To reach this aim, at first the Rosettanet is introduced as a new model in the scope of e-commercial process in supply chain. Furthermore, to evaluate the influence of e-global supply chain by means of Rosettanet, the simulation technique by using the AWESIM software is applied. The results of simulation show that e-global supply chain highly enhances the level of customer satisfaction.https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_13784_beddf554eb637cbe8c079b879c79c29b.pdfInstitute for Trade Studies and ResearchIranian Journal of Trade Studies1735-0794135220090701Recognizing Key Factors for Customer Loyalty Based on FRORecognizing Key Factors for Customer Loyalty Based on FRO18721013785FAMohammadrezaHamidizadehSeyed MasomehGhamkhariJournal Article20150722Today, customer loyalty is a key success factor for business. Increasing Customer loyalty, MKT share and profitability will go up. MKT intuition based on planning and related strategies to catch more Customer loyalty will decrease risk and increase long run benefits. The article survey fast response organization based on six competitive dimensions: price, quality, time, services, flexibility, and reliability. Statistical population is Shavand's customer in Tehran. The research used randomly cluster stratified sample which its size is 150 customers. The test results emphasis on six dimensions of fast response organization for Customer loyalty with different preferences.Today, customer loyalty is a key success factor for business. Increasing Customer loyalty, MKT share and profitability will go up. MKT intuition based on planning and related strategies to catch more Customer loyalty will decrease risk and increase long run benefits. The article survey fast response organization based on six competitive dimensions: price, quality, time, services, flexibility, and reliability. Statistical population is Shavand's customer in Tehran. The research used randomly cluster stratified sample which its size is 150 customers. The test results emphasis on six dimensions of fast response organization for Customer loyalty with different preferences.https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_13785_9d0fd14c56f15732cb894bec23bd6a13.pdfInstitute for Trade Studies and ResearchIranian Journal of Trade Studies1735-0794135220090701Proposing a Conceptual Model for Book Purchasing via the
Internet and Evaluation of It in Iran's UniversitiesProposing a Conceptual Model for Book Purchasing via the
Internet and Evaluation of It in Iran's Universities21124713786FAMahmodJafarpourHosseinRahmansereshtJournal Article20150722The main purpose of this research is to provide a conceptual model for Book Purchasing via the Internet (BPI) and evaluate it in Iran. By the nature of the study, a descriptive/survey study was done for this investigation. The model was studied and tested by an investigation about attitudes of universities, professors and students having at least one BPI experiment. Statistical sample is of cluster type and consists of 384 professors and students from 12 universities of the country. Results of the research demonstrated that four hypotheses which are: organizing informative communication, facilitating the process of book selection and access, protecting information security and private sanctum and reducing transaction cost, were accepted respectively by the average score of 73.41, 69.32, 68.65, 65.72 at reliability level of 99%. Meanwhile the index of updated information and the index of discount possibility got the lowest average score among 16 investigated indexes. The variable of organizing informative communication was the only variable that had a meaningful relation to all variables of sex, education and the knowledge of IT and computer application, that shows the importance of this variable. The results also showed that the research hypotheses were accepted by students more extremely than professors.The main purpose of this research is to provide a conceptual model for Book Purchasing via the Internet (BPI) and evaluate it in Iran. By the nature of the study, a descriptive/survey study was done for this investigation. The model was studied and tested by an investigation about attitudes of universities, professors and students having at least one BPI experiment. Statistical sample is of cluster type and consists of 384 professors and students from 12 universities of the country. Results of the research demonstrated that four hypotheses which are: organizing informative communication, facilitating the process of book selection and access, protecting information security and private sanctum and reducing transaction cost, were accepted respectively by the average score of 73.41, 69.32, 68.65, 65.72 at reliability level of 99%. Meanwhile the index of updated information and the index of discount possibility got the lowest average score among 16 investigated indexes. The variable of organizing informative communication was the only variable that had a meaningful relation to all variables of sex, education and the knowledge of IT and computer application, that shows the importance of this variable. The results also showed that the research hypotheses were accepted by students more extremely than professors.https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_13786_4c038c24158aa04f63a0ddf71c462716.pdf