Institute for Trade Studies and ResearchIranian Journal of Trade Studies1735-0794218420171122Effects of Knowledge Factors
on Supply of Agricultural Exports of IranEffects of Knowledge Factors
on Supply of Agricultural Exports of Iran12628985FAABOLFAZL SHAHABADI0000-0002-9316-8296MARYAM SAFAEEJournal Article20161101Given the importance of exports and to reduce dependence on oil revenues, a careful examination of the determinants of supply of agricultural exports is crucial. The present study evaluate the effect of accumulation of domestic research and development (R&D) investment, business partners R&D spillovers, accumulation of promotion and education investments, and human capital over the period 1971-2013 on supply of agricultural exports. Results indicate a significant positive effect of the accumulation of domestic R&D investment, accumulation of promotion and education investments, trading partners R&D spillovers, intensity of physical capital in agriculture and real exchange rate on supply of agricultural exports. While the estimated coefficients of human capital variables on supply of agricultural exports is not significant.Given the importance of exports and to reduce dependence on oil revenues, a careful examination of the determinants of supply of agricultural exports is crucial. The present study evaluate the effect of accumulation of domestic research and development (R&D) investment, business partners R&D spillovers, accumulation of promotion and education investments, and human capital over the period 1971-2013 on supply of agricultural exports. Results indicate a significant positive effect of the accumulation of domestic R&D investment, accumulation of promotion and education investments, trading partners R&D spillovers, intensity of physical capital in agriculture and real exchange rate on supply of agricultural exports. While the estimated coefficients of human capital variables on supply of agricultural exports is not significant.Institute for Trade Studies and ResearchIranian Journal of Trade Studies1735-0794218420171122Regional Integration and Its Impact on
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)Regional Integration and Its Impact on
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)276428986FAVahid Shaghaghi ShahriJournal Article20161102Abstract
Among possible measures taken by some countries to safeguard against the phenomenon of globalization is leaning on regional integrations. In fact concurrent with globalization efforts the idea of regional integration has gained momentum in all continents. By utilizing their comparative advantages in different areas, the Islamic countries can ward off against the ill impacts of the globalization era and use these advantages to attract more foreign direct investments and hence achieve higher rates of economic growth
In this article an effort is made to evaluate the impact of regional integration and knowledge based economy on boosting bilateral FDI among the member countries of OIC by using The adjusted gravity model for the period 2005-2013. The results indicate that regional integration among the above countries has increased the level of bilateral FDI‘s among them. This fact calls for further cooperation among the OIC member countries.Abstract
Among possible measures taken by some countries to safeguard against the phenomenon of globalization is leaning on regional integrations. In fact concurrent with globalization efforts the idea of regional integration has gained momentum in all continents. By utilizing their comparative advantages in different areas, the Islamic countries can ward off against the ill impacts of the globalization era and use these advantages to attract more foreign direct investments and hence achieve higher rates of economic growth
In this article an effort is made to evaluate the impact of regional integration and knowledge based economy on boosting bilateral FDI among the member countries of OIC by using The adjusted gravity model for the period 2005-2013. The results indicate that regional integration among the above countries has increased the level of bilateral FDI‘s among them. This fact calls for further cooperation among the OIC member countries.Institute for Trade Studies and ResearchIranian Journal of Trade Studies1735-0794218420171122The Role of Intellectual Property Rights
in Economic Growth: Case Study of TRIPsThe Role of Intellectual Property Rights
in Economic Growth: Case Study of TRIPs659227796FASomayeh ShahhosseiniShahram Vasfi AsfestaniSomayeh NaserzadehJournal Article20161116This paper studies the relationship between intellectual property rights (IPRs) and economic growth .Interest in links between protection of intellectual property and growth has been revived by developments in new growth theory and by the WTO’s TRIPS Agreement. The relationship between the strength of a country’s intellectual property rights (IPRs) regime and the rate of growth is ambiguous from a theoretical standpoint. This paper considers the impact of IPR protection on economic growth for 104 countries using the economic model through panel data method. The analysis focuses on effects of IPRs on growth using a quantitative index of IPRs. FDI, GDP Growth, GDP per capita, IPR indexes for these 104 countries were studied and it shows there is positive relationship between IPR protection and economic growth. The analysis indicates that a well developed IPR regime has a net positive effect on the transfer of technology, welfare and growth.This paper studies the relationship between intellectual property rights (IPRs) and economic growth .Interest in links between protection of intellectual property and growth has been revived by developments in new growth theory and by the WTO’s TRIPS Agreement. The relationship between the strength of a country’s intellectual property rights (IPRs) regime and the rate of growth is ambiguous from a theoretical standpoint. This paper considers the impact of IPR protection on economic growth for 104 countries using the economic model through panel data method. The analysis focuses on effects of IPRs on growth using a quantitative index of IPRs. FDI, GDP Growth, GDP per capita, IPR indexes for these 104 countries were studied and it shows there is positive relationship between IPR protection and economic growth. The analysis indicates that a well developed IPR regime has a net positive effect on the transfer of technology, welfare and growth.Institute for Trade Studies and ResearchIranian Journal of Trade Studies1735-0794218420171122comprative study applicable law to trademark infringement in paris convenion, trips agreement and rome2 regulation and iranian lawcomprative study applicable law to trademark infringement in paris convenion, trips agreement and rome2 regulation and iranian law9313128987FAMARYAM GHORBANIFAR0000-0003-2034-4209Journal Article20160625In the international system, trademark protection and confronting its infringement is based on territorial principle of these rights. It means that the country in which the rights have been created and registered, determines the scope of protection. Therefore, trademark right is protected in that territory and beyond this there is no protection. According to this principle, trademark infringement does not come true outside the country where it has been registered. Thus, at the international level it is not possible to protect trademark. For international protection of trademarks, Paris Convention, Madrid Agreement and its protocol and TRIPS Agreement and Rome2 regulations have accepted the territorial principle and for international protection have provided the national treatment principle in member states in order to aid international registration of marks and to expand the territorial principle to extraterritorial protection. Iranian Patent, Trademarks and Industrial Design Act accepts this principle and tries to comply with it and apply Paris Convention and Madrid Agreement in Iranian law toward international protection of trademarks. In the international system, trademark protection and confronting its infringement is based on territorial principle of these rights. It means that the country in which the rights have been created and registered, determines the scope of protection. Therefore, trademark right is protected in that territory and beyond this there is no protection. According to this principle, trademark infringement does not come true outside the country where it has been registered. Thus, at the international level it is not possible to protect trademark. For international protection of trademarks, Paris Convention, Madrid Agreement and its protocol and TRIPS Agreement and Rome2 regulations have accepted the territorial principle and for international protection have provided the national treatment principle in member states in order to aid international registration of marks and to expand the territorial principle to extraterritorial protection. Iranian Patent, Trademarks and Industrial Design Act accepts this principle and tries to comply with it and apply Paris Convention and Madrid Agreement in Iranian law toward international protection of trademarks. Institute for Trade Studies and ResearchIranian Journal of Trade Studies1735-0794218420171122The Welfare Effects of Iran's
Accession to WTO in a DCGE FrameworkThe Welfare Effects of Iran's
Accession to WTO in a DCGE Framework13116828988FARahman SaadatAssistant of ProfessorEsmaiel AbounooriProfessor of Econometric & Social Statistics,
Department of Economics, Semnan University, Semnan-Iran.Mortaza Baky HoskoueiAssistant Professor of Economics and Head of Economic Modeling
Department of Economics, Imam sadegh University, Tehran-Iran.Mohammad Hassan ZareaPhD Student of Economics,
Department of Economics, Semnan University, Semnan-Iran.Journal Article20170528Abstract
In this paper, Using Dynamic Computable General Equilibrium (DCGE), the long run welfare effects of Iran's accession to the WTO has been analyzed. Doing so, at the first stage, the model is calibrated using the data base of 2011 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM). Next, the model is simulated for the Business as Usual (BaU) and rival scenarios. The recent scenario is developed on the basis of the market access commitments of 22 developing countries acceded to the WTO after the establishment of the organization in 1995. The results indicate that membership to the WTO; will increase the level of the household welfare. However, during the first decade after accession, the rate of increase in household welfare decreases. Increasing trend of household welfare initiates in the third decade after accession to the WTO. Abstract
In this paper, Using Dynamic Computable General Equilibrium (DCGE), the long run welfare effects of Iran's accession to the WTO has been analyzed. Doing so, at the first stage, the model is calibrated using the data base of 2011 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM). Next, the model is simulated for the Business as Usual (BaU) and rival scenarios. The recent scenario is developed on the basis of the market access commitments of 22 developing countries acceded to the WTO after the establishment of the organization in 1995. The results indicate that membership to the WTO; will increase the level of the household welfare. However, during the first decade after accession, the rate of increase in household welfare decreases. Increasing trend of household welfare initiates in the third decade after accession to the WTO. Institute for Trade Studies and ResearchIranian Journal of Trade Studies1735-0794218420171219A Bi-level Optimization Modeling for Perishable Food Supply Chain: The Case of A Warm-water Farmed Fish Supply Chain
in IranA Bi-level Optimization Modeling for Perishable Food Supply Chain: The Case of A Warm-water Farmed Fish Supply Chain
in Iran16920428195FASeyfollah TabriziPh.d Student of department of Industrial Engineering, Payame Noor UniversitySeyed Hassan GhodsypourProfessor of Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems,
Amirkabir University of Technology,Abbas AhmadiAssistant Professor of Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems, Amirkabir University of Technology,Journal Article20170409Sustainable supply management of food resources and to distribute high-quality food products throughout a profitable supply chain are the most important issues for societies management. In recent years, uncontrolled fishing in the Caspian Sea, the Persian Gulf, and the Oman Sea has resulted in drastic decreases in the reserves of these water resources. Expansion of aquaculture farms not only has contributed to the development of a sustainable source of food for the country but also has been highly effective in the preservation of species that are endangered for whatever reason. Today, seafood and related products have been known for job creation and earning foreign exchange. In this research, we develop a novel Stackelberg modeling and optimization framework for perishable food supply chain that addresses warm-water farmed fish supply chain planning by formulating a bi-level optimization model. This paper proposes an algorithm called bi-level PSO benefits from Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) co-evolutionary algorithm that maximizes the fish farms and stalls profits. To validate the proposed algorithm, Iran warm-water fish supply chain market data was collected; implementation of the model on the Iran fish markets shows its applicability to real life logistics networks. Sustainable supply management of food resources and to distribute high-quality food products throughout a profitable supply chain are the most important issues for societies management. In recent years, uncontrolled fishing in the Caspian Sea, the Persian Gulf, and the Oman Sea has resulted in drastic decreases in the reserves of these water resources. Expansion of aquaculture farms not only has contributed to the development of a sustainable source of food for the country but also has been highly effective in the preservation of species that are endangered for whatever reason. Today, seafood and related products have been known for job creation and earning foreign exchange. In this research, we develop a novel Stackelberg modeling and optimization framework for perishable food supply chain that addresses warm-water farmed fish supply chain planning by formulating a bi-level optimization model. This paper proposes an algorithm called bi-level PSO benefits from Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) co-evolutionary algorithm that maximizes the fish farms and stalls profits. To validate the proposed algorithm, Iran warm-water fish supply chain market data was collected; implementation of the model on the Iran fish markets shows its applicability to real life logistics networks. Institute for Trade Studies and ResearchIranian Journal of Trade Studies1735-0794218420171122A Survival Analysis of Rubber and Plastic Industry ExportsA Survival Analysis of Rubber and Plastic Industry Exports20522828989FAHassan SaghebNaser Elahiاستادیار داشنگاه مفیدJournal Article20161210This paper analyzes the impact of factors affecting the export survival of rubber and plastic (2511, 2519 and 2520 ISIC code) using a discrete time duration model. Estimation is based on HS 6-digit product level data for 26 countries from 2005 to 2014. The results show that the probability of export survival increases with being rich in oil and gas resources, common membership in regional integration agreements, geographical and economic proximity. In addition, market diversification and product diversification are the most effective factors that increase the probability of survival of exports. Market diversification is more important for rubber and plastic industry, particularly product diversification for plastic industry. Export sophistication and Initial trade value have a positive effect on export survival. In the end, we suggest that Iran can export products based on comparative advantage and conclude bilateral free trade agreements or preferential trade agreements with Pakistan, Iraq and countries in Central Asia in order to increase the export survival This paper analyzes the impact of factors affecting the export survival of rubber and plastic (2511, 2519 and 2520 ISIC code) using a discrete time duration model. Estimation is based on HS 6-digit product level data for 26 countries from 2005 to 2014. The results show that the probability of export survival increases with being rich in oil and gas resources, common membership in regional integration agreements, geographical and economic proximity. In addition, market diversification and product diversification are the most effective factors that increase the probability of survival of exports. Market diversification is more important for rubber and plastic industry, particularly product diversification for plastic industry. Export sophistication and Initial trade value have a positive effect on export survival. In the end, we suggest that Iran can export products based on comparative advantage and conclude bilateral free trade agreements or preferential trade agreements with Pakistan, Iraq and countries in Central Asia in order to increase the export survival Institute for Trade Studies and ResearchIranian Journal of Trade Studies1735-0794218420171122The Effects of Labor Market Disturbances
on the Macroeconomic Dynamics in a New Keynesian ModelThe Effects of Labor Market Disturbances
on the Macroeconomic Dynamics in a New Keynesian Model22926528990FAMORASHIN JAVANZAHRA AFSHARIHOSEIN TAVAKOLIJournal Article20160930In this paper, a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model is designed for Iran, in which in addition to the product market disruptions, labor market disturbances are also considered. In other words, unemployment is considered by applying the theory of unemployment proposed by Gali (2011). The contribution of this paper is that the labor market is assumed to be homogeneous, so that each of the labor forces is specialized in a type of work. In this model, Disruptions in labor market such as market power and wage rigidity has been considered. This paper assumes full risk sharing across individuals and households, so that the work status does not affect the level of consumption. At first, the parameters of the model estimated using Bayesian approach in the period 1384 to 1393. Then, the effects of technology, monetary and labor supply shocks on the dynamics of macroeconomic variables will be discussed. Results of impulse response functions indicate that a negative labor supply shock, a positive monetary shock and a negative technology shock will reduce unemployment. Policymakers can make better choices with the help of knowing these effects. In this paper, a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model is designed for Iran, in which in addition to the product market disruptions, labor market disturbances are also considered. In other words, unemployment is considered by applying the theory of unemployment proposed by Gali (2011). The contribution of this paper is that the labor market is assumed to be homogeneous, so that each of the labor forces is specialized in a type of work. In this model, Disruptions in labor market such as market power and wage rigidity has been considered. This paper assumes full risk sharing across individuals and households, so that the work status does not affect the level of consumption. At first, the parameters of the model estimated using Bayesian approach in the period 1384 to 1393. Then, the effects of technology, monetary and labor supply shocks on the dynamics of macroeconomic variables will be discussed. Results of impulse response functions indicate that a negative labor supply shock, a positive monetary shock and a negative technology shock will reduce unemployment. Policymakers can make better choices with the help of knowing these effects.