Institute for Trade Studies and Research
Iranian Journal of Trade Studies
1735-0794
2676-7767
19
75
2015
08
01
Economic Globalization and Environmental Sustainability: A Comparison between Developing and Developed Countries
1
18
FA
ahmad
jafari samimi
استاد گروه اقتصاد دانشگاه مازندران
zeinab
gholami
دانشجوی دکترای اقتصاد دانشگاه مازندران
Public concerns regarding environmental consequences of globalization and increasing economic activities, both have been very important in international relations since 1980s. This paper compares the environmental impacts of economic globalization between developed and developing countries, using panel data model for the period 2005-2011. This article used new composite environmental sustainability index FEEM. Results indicate that the impact of economic globalization on environmental sustainability for both developing and developed countries is negative and significant.
Economic Globalization / Environmental Sustainability / Panel Data / Developing Countries / Developed Countries
https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_14207.html
https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_14207_981b9c88bccf02145ec759a5c3ac6cff.pdf
Institute for Trade Studies and Research
Iranian Journal of Trade Studies
1735-0794
2676-7767
19
75
2015
08
01
Tourism Expenditures and Value Added of Economic Sectors: Evidence from Developing Countries
19
38
FA
somaye
sadeghi
دکترای علوم اقتصادی
somydadeghi@yahoo.com
soraya
ghasemi
کارشناس ارشد علوم اقتصادی
Tourism is a multidisciplinary activity that involves several activities and need various skills, hence, its benefits can spread over to other sectors of the economy. This paper investigates the relationship between tourism expenditures and value added of agricultural, manufacturing and services sectors for developing countries during 1995-2011, using P-VECM and FMOLS methods. The results of Granger causality test in P-VECM framework indicate that there is no short-run causality link between tourism and value added of agricultural and manufacturing sectors, while there is one-way causality link from tourism to value added of services sector. Likewise, in long-run, there is a one-way causality link from tourism to value added of agricultural and manufacturing sectors, while this causality relation is tow-way for services sector. Furthermore, the results of Co-integrated vectors using FMOLS method show that the effect of tourism expenditures on value added of services and manufacturing sectors is positive and significant, while this effect on value added of agriculture sector is negative and significant.
Tourism/ Value Added of Economic Sectors/ P-VECM/ FMOLS Method
https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_14208.html
https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_14208_25019a3a530107598fa81c0c2feeba12.pdf
Institute for Trade Studies and Research
Iranian Journal of Trade Studies
1735-0794
2676-7767
19
75
2015
08
01
Legal Study of Effects of Legislation on E-Marketing: with Emphasis on Finished Cost Reduction
39
64
FA
mohsen
sadeghi
استادیار دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران
m_sadeghi@mrud.ir
amirhossein
hadi
دانشجوی کارشناسی رشته مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شهرری
Legislation is considered as an important factor in progress of electronic marketing. Since E-Marketing reduces the costs of advertisements and marketing, it has considerable importance. Electronic marketing is one of the methods of FCR. However, enterprises will not be persuaded to e-marketing unless the digital environment of e-marketing is technically and legally safe. A part of this obligation should be performed by Law. Since this important issue has not been studied in Iranian legal literature, this article tries to answer these questions by analytical and comparative method and study on Iranian Law and several selected successful countries: How do the regulations of e-marketing have effect on FCR? And does Iranian Legal System fulfill suitable safety for digital environment? The hypothesis of this article is No; i.e. Iranian enterprises cannot use electronic marketing in order to reduce finish cost because of legal faults of Iranian Law besides of non-legal factors. It constitutes three sections: the first section surveys the basic concepts of the article; the second considers legal requirement for safety of e-marketing and the experiments of several successful countries and the third, criticizes the position of topic in Iran. Finally, it suggests suitable and practical solutions to the legislator and beneficiary organs.
E-Marketing / Finished Cost Reduction (FCR) / Development of Competition Atmosphere / Legal Requirement / Iran
https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_14209.html
https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_14209_a84986abfd6ab1917aa85d2ea6cc4114.pdf
Institute for Trade Studies and Research
Iranian Journal of Trade Studies
1735-0794
2676-7767
19
75
2015
08
01
An Interoperability Measurement Model in Inter Organizational Relationships(Case Study: Manufacturing Firms Located in Qazvin Province)
65
88
FA
mahmod
moradi
استادیا ر مدیریت دانشگاه گیلان
mahmoudmoradi@gmail.com
mohammad rahim
ramezaniyan
دانشیار مدیریت دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران
m_ramazanian391@yahoo.com
fatemeh
soltani
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران
Collaboration between firms that are operating in manufacturing industries is inevitable for various reasons. Nevertheless, this partnership is not always successful. One of the most important reasons for this is the lack of interoperability between them. Interoperability is discussed at different levels and several indicators are included. In the past, interoperability has been discussed greatly in the field of information technologies, but now it is also discussed from organizational and management perspectives. In this paper, a model to assess interoperability, which includes four factors including information and communication systems interoperability, organizational interoperability, cultural interoperability, and collaboration network interoperability with 17 variables is presented. This model was analyzed using data from manufacturing industries in Qazvin province using second order confirmatory factor analysis and LISREL program. The results show that the identified parameters are significantly relevant to their factors. In addition, after minor modifications, the model has a good fit with the data. The reliability of the model is calculated using composite relatively which represet good reliability.
Collaboration / Interoperability / Inter Organizational Relationship / Second Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis
https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_14210.html
https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_14210_7b2765cd9144a8ab3730f0d11a1f04ed.pdf
Institute for Trade Studies and Research
Iranian Journal of Trade Studies
1735-0794
2676-7767
19
75
2015
08
01
An Analysis of Effects of Services Trade Liberalization on Total Factor Productivity: A Case Study of Selected Developing Countries
89
112
FA
alireza
amini
دانشیار دانشکده اقتصاد و حسابداری دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکز
ali.amini@iauctb.ac.ir
maryam
lotfipur
کارشناس ارشد
Service trade has a key role in structure variation of world economy in recent years, and it has an increasing share in the total world trade. In recent decades, most of both developed and developing countries paid attention to services trade liberalization due to the effects that it has on productivity and job creation. In this study we employ panel data by using data from 1995 to 2009 for a set of 21 developing countries in an attempt to investigate the impact of services trade liberalization on total factor productivity. The obtained result from estimate of model show a significant and positive relationship between services trade liberalization and total factor productivity.
Services Trade Liberalization / Total Factor Productivity / Human Capital / Technology / Efficiency
https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_14211.html
https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_14211_d28ae989d28d235fc0bb00cad1188cbf.pdf
Institute for Trade Studies and Research
Iranian Journal of Trade Studies
1735-0794
2676-7767
19
75
2015
08
01
The Dynamic Business Cycle Co-movements: The Case of Iran with Other ECO Countries
113
138
FA
somaye
sadeghi
دکترای علوم اقتصادی، دانشگاه مازندران
somysadeghi@yahoo.com
The new international economic theories indicate that the business cycles co-movements are important in order to develop regional trade agreement (RTA), in particular optimal currency area (OCA). This paper investigates the major determinants of Dynamic Business Cycle Co-movements in Iran with other ECO countries introducing a new and dynamic cross correlation index, during 1993-2012 and using System GMM methods.
The results show that an increase of trade and financial transactions causes to strengthen business cycle synchronization in Iran with other ECO countries. Also, more industrial similarity between a pair of countries induces the higher bilateral co-movements. Likewise, fiscal and monetary policies similarities are other determinants.
Business Cycles Co-movement/ Trade and Financial Integrations/ Industrial Similarity/ Fiscal and Monetary Policy Coordination
https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_14212.html
https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_14212_b3d23f75ea5f4e03f8b0bc8e76d5f39b.pdf
Institute for Trade Studies and Research
Iranian Journal of Trade Studies
1735-0794
2676-7767
19
75
2015
08
01
Designing the Comprehensive Model for Commercializing University Research with the Delphi Approach
139
170
FA
hossein
abbasi
دکترای مدیریت بازرگانی، عضو هیات علمی گروه مدیریت دانشگاه پیام نور
lotfollah
frozandeh
دانشیار دانشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران، ایران
This study was conducted to present a comprehensive model for the commercialization of university research. For this purpose, the exploratory and comparative approach was used to study and review of the literature to identify activities and commercialization process steps and the most important factors were recognized that affecting commercialization. Then, each recognized factors are classified based on Tri-Category (3c) theory in three categories: context, structure and content and conceptual framework was presented. The proposed conceptual framework was developed with three rounds of Delphi method by collecting data of the 25 experts, and model validation study was presented at the end. Based on the findings, the eight stages of the commercialization process were identified and 29 factors that affect the commercialization of research, consensus was achieved (Kendall coefficient = 0.804). Also, analysis of expert opinions with Friedman test, showed that contextual factors are the first and the top rated, Content and structure factors were ranked second and third in priorities of panel members in affecting commercialization of university research.
Commercialization / University Research / Commercialization Model / Delphi Method
https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_14214.html
https://pajooheshnameh.itsr.ir/article_14214_46bb505bdbd442d9b151b363a317f869.pdf